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Scleroderma areolatum
Leopard Earthball
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Photographer: Dr. Amadej Trnkoczy
ID: 0000 0000 0917 1890 (2017-09-17)Copyright © 2017 Dr. Amadej Trnkoczy
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INFORMATION PROVIDED WITH THE PHOTO
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date of photo Jul 26, 2017
latitude 46.36143 longitude 13.70214
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location
Lower Trenta valley, right bank of river Soča; between villages Soča and Trenta; near Trenta 2b cottage, East Julian Alps (Posočje, Slovenia)notes Slo.: mekinasta trdokožnica - syn.: Scleroderma lycoperdoides Schw. - Habitat: moderately inclined mountain slope, east aspect; mixed wood (edge of it), Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant trees; calcareous ground; on damp ground covered by thick layer of rotten wood and leave debris; mostly in shade, exposed to direct rain; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 615 m (2.020 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: thick layer of rotten wood debris and leaves on soil. Comments: Several species of Scleroderma are similar to this find and difficult to be reliable determined to species level without microscopy. Such is also Scleroderma aerolatum. Observation of its spores makes determination rather easy. It is the only species in this genus, which has spores with very coarse and dense spines without reticulation on their surface. Whether this species is mycorrhizal or may be also saprophytic is yet unclear. Most authors consider it mycorrhizal with oak, some also with other trees and some claim also its saprophytic life since it can be found also in grassland. If this find is mycorrhizal, then it is with Fagus sylvatica or Picea abies, but not with Quercus. There are no Quercus trees in this region. Its mycelia threads looked rather saprophytic in this find. Description: Growing gregariously, more than 10 fruitbodies found; size of sporocarps from 2.3 cm to 3.8 cm and up to 2.5 cm high; stipe rudimentary or absent, peridium thin, flexible and strong; when cut it becomes reddish; smell unpleasant, on chemistry, metal or welding?; taste not determined; 5% KOH reaction on peridium distinctly dark red; spores on mass gray-brown, eventually with some green tint, oac736, but darker. Spores coarsely spiny, surrounded by a translucent mass. Spines up to 2 microns high. Dimensions: (8,4) 9,4 - 12,2 (13,1) x (8,1) 9,3 - 11,8 (12,9) microns; Q = 1 - 1,09 (1,1); N = 24; Me = 10,9 x 10,5 microns; Qe = 1. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil (spores); in water, fresh material. AmScope MA500 digital camera. Ref.: (1) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Württembergs, Band 2., Ulmer (2000), p 174. (2) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 428. (3) http://www.mushroomexpert.com/scleroderma_areolatum.html (July 26. 2017) Kuo (4) http://www.first-nature.com/fungi/scleroderma-areolatum.php (July 26. 2017) (5) R. Phillips, Mushrooms, Macmillan (2006), p 333. (6) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 302. (7) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 384.contributor's ID # Bot_1077/2017_DSC8400 photo category: Fungi - fungi
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MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THIS FUNGUS
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| common names
Leopard Earthball (photographer)
View all photos in CalPhotos of Scleroderma areolatum Check Google Images for Scleroderma areolatum |
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The photographer's identification Scleroderma areolatum has not been reviewed. Click here to review or comment on the identification. |
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Using this photo The thumbnail photo (128x192 pixels) on this page may be freely used for personal or academic purposes without prior permission under the Fair Use provisions of US copyright law as long as the photo is clearly credited with © 2017 Dr. Amadej Trnkoczy.
For other uses, or if you have questions, contact Dr. Amadej Trnkoczy amadej.trnkoczy[AT]siol.net. (Replace the [AT] with the @ symbol before sending an email.) |
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