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Clarkia xantiana ssp. parviflora   

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Clarkia xantiana ssp. parviflora
Clarkia xantiana ssp. parviflora
Photographer: Aaron Schusteff

ID: 0000 0000 0719 3043 (2019-07-30)

Copyright © 2019 Aaron Schusteff

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INFORMATION PROVIDED WITH THE PHOTO
  • date of photo  May 29, 2019
  • location   South of Lamont Pass on Canebrake Road (Kern County, California, US)
  • family Onagraceae
  • notes   This is the white-flowered form of Clarkia xantiana ssp. parviflora which also occurs in a pink-flowered form. The nominate subspecies C. xantiana ssp. xantiana is pink-flowered.

    It's interesting that in contrast to the nominate subspecies, which is considered mostly an out-crosser, subspecies parviflora is considered to be mostly self-pollinated and has a number of characters associated with that syndrome. For instance, C. x. ssp. parviflora is typically: smaller-flowered than C. x. ssp. xantiana; has stigma maturing while the anthers are still shedding pollen (vs. the protandrous dichogamy of the nominate ssp.); and has the stigma at maturity held at more-or-less the same height as the stamens (vs. significantly higher & well-separated in ssp. xantiana...AKA 'herkogamy'). It also has a generally more arid & easterly distribution than the nominate ssp., as is the case here.

    See the paper Eckhart & Geber(1999) for more on distinctions between the subspecies. And note that the location here is not far from the location described in the voucher by Eckhart & Geber here which includes the comments: ''Petals white. Stigmas not beyond anthers. Very little (or no) protandry.'' That's consistent with my photos as well.

    More details can be found in the papers Moore & Lewis(1964) (entitled 'The evolution of self-pollination in Clarkia xantiana') and Lewis & Raven(1992).

    Postscript (6/12/22): Some additional references...

    Anderson, J.T., V.M. Eckhart, & M.A. Gebe (2015). Experimental studies of adaptation in Clarkia xantiana. III. Phenotypic selection across a subspecies border. Evolution 69(9):2249-61. [Full Text]

    Geber, M.A. & V.M. Eckhart (2005). Experimental studies of adaptation in Clarkia xantiana. II. Fitness variation across a subspecies border. Evolution 59(3):521 531. [Full Text]

    Eckhart, V.M., M.A. Geber, & C.M. McGuire (2004). Experimental studies of adaptation in Clarkia xantiana. I. Sources of trait variation across a subspecies border. Evolution 58(1):59-70. [Full Text]

    Moeller, D. A. and M. A. Geber. 2005. Ecological context of the evolution of self-pollination in Clarkia xantiana: Population size, plant communities, and reproductive assurance. Evolution 59(4):786-799. [Full Text]

    Fausto, J., Eckhart, V.M., & Geber, M.A. (2001). Reproductive assurance and the evolutionary ecology of self-pollination in Clarkia xantiana (Onagraceae). American Journal of Botany, 88(10):1794-800. [Full Text]

    Runions, C.J., & M.A. Geber (2000). Evolution of the self-pollinating flower in Clarkia xantiana (Onagraceae). I. Size and development of floral organs. American Journal of Botany 87(10):1439-1451. [Full Text]

  • photo category: Plant - annual/perennial

  • MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THIS PLANT
  • Look for Jepson Manual treatments, maps (University & Jepson Herbaria)
  • View Calflora record for Clarkia xantiana ssp. parviflora
  • View all photos in CalPhotos of Clarkia xantiana ssp. parviflora
  • Check Google Images for Clarkia xantiana ssp. parviflora


  • The photographer's identification Clarkia xantiana ssp. parviflora has not been reviewed. Sign in to review or comment on this photo

     
    Using this photo   The thumbnail photo (128x192 pixels) on this page may be freely used for personal or academic purposes without prior permission under the Fair Use provisions of US copyright law as long as the photo is clearly credited with © 2019 Aaron Schusteff. For other uses, or if you have questions, contact Aaron Schusteff arbonius2[AT]sbcglobal.net. (Replace the [AT] with the @ symbol before sending an email.)


     

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