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Epipactis atrorubens
Royal Helleborine
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Photographer: Dr. Amadej Trnkoczy
ID: 0000 0000 0617 1268 (2017-06-18)Copyright © 2017 Dr. Amadej Trnkoczy
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INFORMATION PROVIDED WITH THE PHOTO
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date of photo Jun 16, 2017
latitude 46.36075 longitude 13.70267
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location
Lower Trenta valley, between villages Soča and Trenta, Na Melu place, near Trenta 2b cottage, East Julian Alps (Posočje, Slovenia)notes Slo.: temnordeča močvirnica - syn.: Epipactis danubialis Robatsch & Rydlo, Epipactis atropurpurea Raf. - Habitat: alpine pasture near mixed wood edge, slightly inclined mountain slope, southeast aspect; colluvial, calcareous, skeletal ground; shallow soil layer; dry, sunny, open, relatively warm place; elevation 608 m (1.995 feet); average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, alpine phytogeographical region. Substratum: soil. Comment: Epipactis atrorubens is still a quite common wild orchid in Slovenia, although shrinking of its stands is reported from several other countries. The species is easy to recognize because of its typical color of flowers and habitus. This is quite an exception in this phylogenetically very young genus. Different authorities still quarrel how many species the genus comprises. DNA analyses did not help to resolve this question very much. Apparently DNA patterns have not yet stabilized into stable clusters and thus can hardly help in decisions what is and what is not the same or a different species. In addition the plants are very variable and hybrids and intermediate forms frequent. Also Epipactis atrorubens is variable. Sometimes only 15 cm tall, sometimes 60 cm tall plants (up to 80 cm according to Ref.2) can be found, having only a few flowers (5-6), up to maximally 40 flowers (Ref.2., Ref.3, Ref.5). The three flowering stalks on my pictures have 48, 50 and 64 flowers. Hm...? The plants are beautiful and have a pleasant odor on vanilla. Protected according to: Uredba o zavarovanih prostoživečih rastlinskih vrstah, poglavje A, Uradni list RS, št. 46/2004 (Regulation of protected wild plants, chapter A, Official Gazette of Republic Slovenia, no. 46/2004), (2004). Enlisted in the Slovene Red List of rare and endangered species, marked by 'V' representing a vulnerable species. Ref.: (1) A. Martinči et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnična Založba Slovenije (2007), p 765. (2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 1033. (3) H. Kretzschmar, Die Orchideen Deutschlands und angrenzenden Lander, Quelle Meyer (2008), p 118. (4) H. Baumann, S. Kuenkele, R. Lorenz, Orchideen Europas, Ulmer (2006), p 73. (5) B. Dolinar, Kukavičevke v Sloveniji (Orchidaceae of Slovenia) (in Slovenian), Pipinova Knjiga (2015), p 55. (6) O. Sebald, S. Seybold, G. Philippi, A. Wӧrz, Eds., Die Farn und Blutenpflanzen Baden-Wurttembergs, Band 8., Verlag Eugen Ulmer (1998), p 305.camera Sony ILCE6000 / Carl Zeiss Vario-Tessar E 16-70 mm/f4
contributor's ID # Bot_1065/2017_DSC01766 photo category: Plant - annual/perennial
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MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THIS PLANT
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| common names
Royal Helleborine, Dark-red Helleborine (photographer)
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Using this photo The thumbnail photo (128x192 pixels) on this page may be freely used for personal or academic purposes without prior permission under the Fair Use provisions of US copyright law as long as the photo is clearly credited with © 2017 Dr. Amadej Trnkoczy.
For other uses, or if you have questions, contact Dr. Amadej Trnkoczy amadej.trnkoczy[AT]siol.net. (Replace the [AT] with the @ symbol before sending an email.) |
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