date of photo May 15, 2007
latitude 44.38440 longitude 14.77040
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location
Adriatic Sea region; Island Olib, near graveyard of the village Olib, next to the main port; Kvarner bay (Rijeka region, Croatia)notes Slo.: taužentroža - syn: Centaurium umbellatum Gilib., Centaurium minus Moench, Erythraea centaurium - Habitat: near sea shore, flat terrain, partly grassland; calcareous, skeletal, humid ground; full sun; exposed to direct rain; elevation 10 m (33 feet); average precipitations ~ 1.000 mm/year, average temperature 13-15 deg C, Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Comment: This originally European southern-temperate plant is widely naturalized also outside its native range. It frequently grows on disturbed places and on a wide range of habitats like chalk and limestone grassland, open woodland and scrub, dry grassland, quarries, spoil-heaps and road sides. It is a well known, thousand years old medical plant and one of the most bitter herbs at all. It strengthens digestive function by increasing stomach secretions. The whole herb is appetizer, aromatic, bitter, cholagogue, diaphoretic, emetic, febrifuge, hepatic, stomachic and tonic. However, there are no scientific clinical studies made on people about it. Nevertheless, its effectiveness on (at least) digestion is evident even without them. Ref.: (1) D. Aeschimann, K. Lauber, D.M. Moser, J.P. Theurillat, Flora Alpina, Vol. 2., Haupt (2004), p 6. (2) M.A. Fischer, W. Adler, K. Oswald, Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol, LO Landesmuseen, Linz, Austria (2005), p 700. (3) A. Martinči et all., Mala Flora Slovenije (Flora of Slovenia - Key) (in Slovenian), Tehnična Založba Slovenije (2007), p 506. (4) K. Lauber and G. Wagner, Flora Helvetica, 5. Auflage, Haupt (2012), p 740. (5) http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/202950/0camera Canon G11, 6.1-30mm/f2.8-4.5
contributor's ID # Bot_187/2007_DSC7509 photo category: Plant - annual/perennial
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